Coral Growth and Reproduction; The Foundation for Coral Reef Ecosystem Conservation

Growth and Reproduction are crucial aspects for the preservation of coral reef ecosystems. It is well known that a significant amount of "rupiah" is generated from the potential of coral reef ecosystems, whether from the various animals that inhabit these ecosystems, such as fish, shrimp, lobsters, and mollusks, or from the scenic beauty of the seabed, which is alluring to visitors, especially tourists from around the world. It is worth noting that Indonesia is recognized as one of the countries in the Indo-Pacific region that has a high diversity of coral species, with approximately 569 species, or about 67% of the world is total of 845 coral species. However, human activities in utilizing these resources are often uncontrolled, leading to damage to coral reef ecosystems. Therefore, wise management is necessary, one of which is through the consideration of aspects of coral growth and reproduction. The review of coral growth includes aspects of their life, including the factors that determine coral life and growth. Meanwhile, the aspect of coral reproduction is reviewed from the types of reproduction and the factors that determine coral reproduction, including recruitment.